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从小须鲸到小鳁鲸

☞ [2018-05-26] 从小须鲸到小鳁鲸

真·百密一疏

柯林斯 COBUILD 高阶英汉双解学习词典(第 8 版)

har|poon /hɑːʳpuːn/ (harpoons, harpooning, harpooned)
1 N-COUNT A harpoon is a long pointed weapon with a long rope attached to it, which is fired or thrown by people hunting whales or large sea fish. (捕鲸或大海鱼用的)鱼叉,捕鲸叉
2 VERB To harpoon a whale or large fish means to hit it with a harpoon. 用叉捕(鲸或大海鱼)
❏ [V n] Norwegian whalers said yesterday they had harpooned a female minke whale. 挪威捕鲸人说昨天他们用捕鲸叉捕获了一头雌性小鳁鲸。

柯林斯 COBUILD 高阶英汉双解学习词典( 2011 版)

harpoon
1 A harpoon is a long pointed weapon with a long rope attached to it, which is fired or thrown by people hunting whales or large sea fish. (捕鲸等用的)鱼镖,鱼叉,捕鲸叉
2 To harpoon a whale or large fish means to hit it with a harpoon. 用鱼叉捕获(鲸鱼等)
» Norwegian whalers said yesterday they had harpooned a female minke whale. 挪威的捕鲸人说昨天他们用捕鲸叉捕获了一头雌性小须鲸。

可以看到,第 8 版相比旧版,英语原文没有任何变化,但是译文更加准确。其中 minke whale ,从“小须鲸”改译为“小鳁鲸”。同时,《柯林斯》作为收词量较小的高阶学习型词典,并没有收录 minke 这个词。这词也有点意思,民科,哈哈,小须鲸民科。

新世纪英汉大词典

harpoon¹
noun (捕鲸等用的)鱼叉, 鱼镖
harpoon²
modifier 鱼叉的;鱼镖的
harpoon³
transitive verb 用鱼叉叉
» Norwegian whalers said yesterday they had harpooned a female minke whale. 挪威的捕鲸人说昨天用捕鲸叉刺中了一条雌性小须鲸。
minke
noun = minke whale
minke whale
noun 小鳁鲸;缟鳁鲸

《柯林斯》和《新世纪》的编译时间、人员都有重叠。我猜《柯林斯》(第 8 版)的编译者读到 minke whale 的时候,去查了下《新世纪》(或许当时还只是草稿),发现没有“小须鲸”这个汉译,就改成“小鳁鲸”了。

然而百密一疏啊,《新世纪》 harpoon 条的 minke whale 却还是译为“小须鲸”。

Bidu 百科

小鳁鲸又称小须鲸、尖嘴鲸,为小型须鲸的一种。

现代汉语词典(第 5/6/7 版)

(鰛) wēn
[鳁鲸](wēnjīng){名} 鲸的一种,体长6—9米,口内无齿,有鲸须,背鳍小,背部黑色,腹部白色。生活在海洋中。

大辞海

语词卷–>W–>wēn–>鳁
鳁〔鰛〕(wēn)
  鱼名。即沙丁鱼。
生命科学卷–>动物部分–>脊椎动物–>鱼类

  即“沙丁鱼”。

这。。。不发表意见了。

现代汉语词典(2002增补本)(汉英双语)

须鲸 xūjīng
鲸的一类,没有牙齿,有鲸须,吃甲壳动物和小鱼。如长须鲸、蓝鲸等。baleen whale (Cetacea); toothless whale; whale with baleen, but without teeth, as finback, blue whale, etc., feeding on crustaceans and small fishes
wēn
[鳁鲸](wēnjīng) 哺乳动物,外形像鱼,体长6—9米,头上有喷水孔,口内无齿,有鲸须,背鳍小,身体背面黑色,腹部带白色。生活在海洋中。sei whale (Balaenopter a borealis Lesson); rorqual; toothless, fish-like marine mammal, six to nine metres long, with a water injecting hole on the head, a small dorsal fin and baleen, black back and white belly

所以,《现代汉语词典》(第 4 版)是收录了“须鲸”的,但是第 5、6、7 版都删去了这一条,却仍然保留了“鳁鲸”。

Listened to the Sample

The Longest Whale Song

By: Jacqueline Wilson
Narrated by: Jacqueline Wilson
Length: 6 hrs and 40 mins
Unabridged Audiobook
Release date: 30-09-10
Language: English
Publisher: Bolinda Publishing Pty Ltd

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